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Weight Gain May Exacerbate Structural Damage in Knee OA
An increase in body weight appears to have a detrimental effect on some radiographic features of knee, but not hip, osteoarthritis, researchers reported at the OARSI 2022 World Congress.
Using data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), researchers from the University of California found that a greater than 5% increase in body weight over 4 years was associated with a 29% increased risk for medial joint space narrowing (JSN), compared with controls (P = .038). There was also a 34% increased risk for developing frequent knee pain (P = .009).
Conversely, weight loss appeared to offer some protection from structural damage in knee OA, Gabby B. Joseph, PhD, a specialist in radiology and biomedical imaging, said at the congress, sponsored by the Osteoarthritis Research Society International.
Indeed, individuals who had achieved a weight loss of more than 5% at 4-year follow up were less likely to have a worsened Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grade than those whose body weight remained the same (odds ratio, 0.69, P = .009).
Weight loss was also associated with a higher change of experiencing resolution in knee pain over 12 months, with an OR of 1.40 (P = .019).
Importance of weight change in OA
“We know that weight loss has beneficial effects on knee OA symptoms, such as pain relief and improvement in physical function,” commented Xingzhong Jin, PhD, an NHMRC Early Career Fellow at the Centre for Big Data Research in Health at the University of New South Wales, Sydney.
“But what is unclear is whether weight loss could slow down structural degradation in the joint in the long run,” he said in an interview. “These findings mean that weight control is clearly very important for knee OA, in terms of improving symptoms as well as preventing structural progression.”
He added: “The evidence on hip OA is less clear. As most of the knowledge in this space was generated from people with knee OA, this work is an important contribution to knowledge around the care of people with hip OA.”
Why look at weight change effects in OA?
“Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for osteoarthritis,” Joseph said at the start of her virtual presentation. Indeed, patients with obesity are more than twice as likely to develop knee OA than their normal weight counterparts.
This story originally appeared on MDedge.com, part of the Medscape Professional Network.
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