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Microplastics and Male Fertility
Microplastics negatively impact male fertility by decreasing both the quality and quantity of sperm, lowering testicular weight, and causing abnormalities in reproductive function. Research in animals and new findings in humans reveal:
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Microplastics are found in human and animal testicles, with higher levels associated with reduced sperm count and testis weight. Certain types, such as polyethylene and PVC particles, specifically correlate with poorer sperm health and lower testicular mass.
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In animal studies, microplastics exposure leads to decreased sperm motility, concentration, and viability, as well as an increase in sperm with abnormal shapes and damaged DNA.
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Mechanisms include inflammation, oxidative stress, disruption of the blood–testis barrier, damage to developing spermatogenic cells, and decreased testosterone production, all of which impair spermatogenesis and sperm function.
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Microplastics can also act as carriers for other environmental toxins, amplifying their harmful effects on the reproductive system.
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Studies note that exposure to microplastics can intensify the negative impact of other endocrine-disrupting chemicals, further aggravating male reproductive dysfunction.
Overall, the accumulation of microplastics in male reproductive organs is now considered a growing factor in global sperm decline and male infertility.
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