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Menopause Triggers Metabolic Brain Changes Linked to Alzheimer’s

Menopause is associated with metabolic brain changes that may increase the risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a small study suggests.

Compared to premenopausal women, perimenopausal and postmenopausal women exhibited brain hypometabolism on ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography in the same brain regions as do patients with clinical AD. The findings correlated with reductions in mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase (COX) activity.

These findings suggest a “progressively increased risk of an AD endophenotype in women who undergo the perimenopause to menopause transition and suggest that endocrine aging outweighs the effects of chronological aging in the female’s brain several years, if not decades, before possible clinical symptoms emerge,” the authors write.

The study was published online October 10 in PLOS One.

Window of Opportunity

“Our findings show that the loss of estrogen in menopause doesn’t just diminish fertility. This study suggests there may be a critical window of opportunity, when women are in their 40s and 50s, to detect metabolic signs of higher Alzheimer’s risk and apply strategies to reduce that risk,” Lisa Mosconi, PhD, associate director of the Alzheimer’s Prevention Clinic at Weill Cornell Medicine in New York City, said in a news release.

Dr Lisa Mosconi

Female sex is the second most important risk factor for AD, after advanced age, a fact that suggests a role for estrogen in the development of the disease. Preclinical studies implicate the perimenopause-to-menopause transition as a sex-specific risk factor for AD.

PLoS One. Published online October 10, 2017. Full text

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