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Precursors to DIABETES
While diabetes is
very prevalent in the U.S.—the American
Diabetes Association claims more than 9-percent of the
population was diagnosed with the disease as of 2012—there are
warning signs you can watch for.
“Prediabetes”
as it’s known, is when your fasting blood glucose levels are
elevated but not yet at the point where diabetes can be diagnosed.
According to the association, in 2012 prediabetes was found in 86
million Americans over the age of 20. This is a significant jump from
79 million just two years prior. Here are 12 common signs of
prediabetes that aren’t so sweet, but can be turned around with the
right measures
1. Darkened Skin
The Mayo
Clinic said that while prediabetes doesn’t always have
obvious signs, one possible risk factor for type 2 (adult onset)
diabetes in darkening patches of skin on the neck and joints. This
condition is referred to as acanthosis nigricans.
The clinic said the darkened skin can also become thicker than
normal. In some cases, this condition can also be a warning sign of a
cancerous tumor on an internal organ, so have you doctor check you
out either way.
2. Lack of Exercise
Lack
of physical activity is generally bad for us overall, and
can also to mental illnesses such as depression. Prevention notes
that while 1 in 3 Americans have prediabetes, a change in diet can do
wonders. The sugar-filled foods you eat can eventually become more
resistant to insulin that your pancreas creates, meaning it can tap
out at a certain point.
However, while diet can make some improvements, Prevention says that
a study in Finland showed subjects that exercise regularly dropped
their risk of diabetes by as much as 70-percent compared to inactive
subjects. The article suggests interval training—low intensity
exercise with some high-impact moves mixed in—is best for glucose
control.
3. Lack of Sleep
While sometimes prediabetes carries symptoms of fatigue, those who
get less than 6-hours of sleep each night are at a higher risk for
prediabetes, noted Best
Health.
The theory is that there’s a connection between lack
of sleep, hormones and your nervous system that create the
perfect storm for the beginnings of diabetes. So try to get more
sleep at night by avoiding sugar or caffeine-filled treats near
bedtime, for starters.
4. Blurred Vision
While it could just be a case of needing corrective lenses or that
your eyes are tired, blurry vision can also be a sign of prediabetes,
according to Shape magazine. The magazine noted that spikes in your
blood sugar could actually impair eye function and elasticity to
focus, which should go away once you’ve reduced your glucose
levels.
Blurry vision can be a sign of other health problems such as glaucoma
and even multiple sclerosis, so if the blurriness persists you should
probably consult an eye doctor or a family doctor to be on the safe
side.
5. Increased Thirst
While diabetics can have bouts of extreme thirst that can’t seem to
be quenched, those with prediabetes can also feel the need to drink
more water. This is because your body is fighting a battle against
glucose and is trying to flush it out through urination, noted Shape
magazine.
While this will lead to more frequent trips to the bathroom, you may
end up dehydrated as a result and become thirsty again. Shape
magazine notes in another article that
the Adequate Intake Level (AI) is just over half a U.S. gallon (2.2
liters) of water per day for women.
6. Slow-Healing Wounds
If you’ve got a bruise or a cut that seems to be taking its sweet
time to heal, it could be a warning sign of prediabetes. This is
because blood that is laced with glucose moves a bit slower
throughout your body, meaning your body’s natural healing processes
(from white cells) can be stunted.
Everyday
Health also notes that certain infection-causing bacteria
feeds off sugar, so higher glucose in your bloodstream means more
food for the infection. In other words, you’re literally feeding
cuts and bruises when you snack on sugary items.
7. Unexplained Weight Loss
For some reason we tend to associate blood sugar problems like
diabetes with being overweight, but that’s a common misconception.
There are many people who have diabetes who are only moderately
overweight, or even not at all.
In fact, according to the Mayo Clinic, people who are suffering from
prediabetes might even start
losing weight because diabetes can stop the body from
receiving the sugar in food. When the cells
aren’t getting enough glucose, it can lead to weight loss. It
can also cause people to go to the bathroom more frequently (which we
will get to more later), this means you’re getting rid of sugar and
losing calories.
8. Always Hungry
Going off the topic of unexplained weight loss, Deena Adimoolam, MD,
assistant professor of Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone
Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai told Best
Health that it can also cause people to “feel hungry all the
time” because they are losing calories and urinating more
frequently.
Everyday Health writes, “people with type 2 diabetes have [hormone
that regulates glucose in the blood] resistance, which means the body
cannot use [this hormone] properly to help glucose get into the
cells,” as well as muscle, fat, or other tissues. When this
happens, the pancreas just puts out more of this hormone to
compensate which causes high levels of it in the body. These high
levels signal to the brain that the body is hungry.
9. Tingling and Numbness
If you’re experiencing tingling
or numbness in the hands or feet it could also be a warning
sign of prediabetes. This symptom occurs because “high blood sugar
levels can affect blood circulation and damage the body’s nerves,”
writes Medical
News Today. This is a common occurrence for people with type 2
diabetes.
The source goes on to explain that this condition is called
neuropathy and that it can worse as the disease progresses. To avoid
more serious complications, treatment is needed.
10. Frequent Yeast Infections
Yeast and bacteria are able to multiply at a faster rate when a
person’s blood sugar levels are high which is why women with
diabetes are more likely to experience yeast infections. “Women
with diabetes are overall at a higher risk of feminine health issues,
such as bacterial infections, yeast infections, and vaginal thrush,
especially when blood sugar isn’t well controlled,” writes
Everyday Health. Of course, those with prediabetes who are unaware of
their condition are likely to have blood sugar levels that are
unmanaged. Women who are experiencing yeast infections at a regular
basis might want to consider being checked for diabetes.
Men aren’t totally off the hook either. The source goes on to note
that men and women with diabetes are also likely to suffer from foot
infections, “because the disease can damage the architecture of the
foot, including the skin, blood vessels, and nerves.” However, this
is more likely in people with advanced diabetes.
11. Frequent Urination
Frequent urination is another early warning sign of diabetes because
there is an excess of glucose in the blood and the kidneys are
working hard to flush it out with urine, explains Everyday Health. “A
patient may feel slightly more thirsty and have to urinate more over
time as well as the sugars increase in their body,” says UPMC
endocrinologist Dr. Jason Ng, MD, clinical assistant professor of
medicine at the University of Pittsburgh when talking to Best Health
magazine.
This increase in urination puts both men and women at risk for more
frequent urinary tract infections. In fact, Everyday Health says that
people with type 2 diabetes are twice as likely to get a UTI than
those without the disease. As always, women are even more at risk
than men.
12. Family History
Since there is a genetic link behind diabetes a family history of
diabetes can be a precursor. “There can be a genetic cause for the
development of type 2 diabetes due to certain gene mutations,” says
Deena Adimoolam, MD, when talking to Best Health. “Some
people may have a genetic predisposition to developing type 2
diabetes due to presence of certain genes than have been passed down
from one generation to the next.”
Best Health goes on to cite a European
study that found family history increased a person’s
chance of having diabetes by 26-percent, as well as the National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) which
also states a close family member increases a person’s risk. “Some
data suggests that the risk of type 2 diabetes is five times higher
in those with diabetes on both the maternal and paternal sides of the
family,” says Adimoolam.
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