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Six ‘Obesity-Related’ Cancers on Rise in US Young Adults
In the United States from 1995 to 2014, the incidence of six of 12 obesity-related malignancies increased among “young” adults (25-49 years), according to a new observational study.
However, the incidences for these cancers — except for colorectal cancer —also rose in older adults (50 years or older), acknowledge the authors, led by Hyuna Sung, PhD, cancer epidemiologist and principal scientist, Surveillance and Health Services Research Program at the American Cancer Society. The study was published online today in The Lancet Public Health.
But the young adults, who were the focus of the study, had larger annual percentage increases than the older adults.
In young adults, the six obesity-related cancers that increased in incidence in were multiple myeloma, colorectal, uterine corpus, gallbladder, kidney, and pancreatic cancer.
On the other hand, the six obesity-related cancers that did not increase in young people were breast, esophageal, gastric cardia, liver and intrahepatic bile duct, thyroid, and ovarian.
Despite the findings, the study is not evidence of a causal relationship between obesity and cancer.
Furthermore, an expert not involved with the study questioned the concept of “obesity-related” cancers.
“The obesity–cancer story is far from clear and while the authors selected cancers that might be obesity related, they also might be related to other factors not considered that may be changing over time but that were not examined,” Ruth Etzioni, PhD, a biostatistician at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, told Medscape Medical News.
Lead author Sung commented at length about food quality as a possible contributor to the newly found trends: “Obesity is associated with health conditions that can contribute to the risk of cancer. For example, diabetes, gallstones, inflammatory bowel disease, and poor diet can all increase the burden of cancer,” she said. “The quality of the American diet also has worsened in recent decades. More than half of adults who were 20 to 49 years old between 2010 to 2012 reported poor dietary habits, such as eating little fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, and shellfish at the same time as eating too much salt, fast food, and sugary drinks.”
The study was funded by the American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute. The study authors, editorialists, and Etzioni have disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
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